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Characteristics and application of road absorbing solar energy

Zhihua ZHOU, Shan HU, Xiaoyan ZHANG, Jian ZUO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 525-534 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0278-2

摘要： If the heat of road surface can be stored in summer, the road surface temperature will be decreased to prevent permanent deformation of pavement. Besides, if the heat stored is released, it can supply heat for buildings or raise the road surface temperature for snow melting in winter. A road-solar energy system was built in this study, and the heat transfer mechanism and effect of the system were analyzed according to the monitored solar radiant heat, the solar energy absorbed by road and the heat stored by soil. The results showed that the road surface temperature was mainly affected by solar radiation, but the effect is hysteretic in nature. The temperature of the solar road surface was 3°C–6°C lower than that of the ordinary road surface. The temperature of the solar road along the vertical direction was 2°C–5°C lower than that of the ordinary road. The temperature difference increased as the distance to the heat transfer tubes decreased. The average solar collector efficiency of the system was 14.4%, and the average solar absorptivity of road surface was 36%.

关键词： solar energy road-solar energy system road surface temperature solar absorptivity of road surface solar collector efficiency of system

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Evaluating the short-term effect of ambient temperature on non-fatal outdoor falls and road traffic injuries

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1705-1

摘要：

● A study assessing the temperature-injury relationship was conducted among students.

关键词： Ambient temperature Fall Road traffic injury Student China

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An investigation on modification mechanism of CH

Qiang XIN, Shanghong HUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 293-300 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0403-0

摘要： Rising oil price has brought huge cost pressure for low grade highway construction, and it is urgent to find alternative resources. At the same time, there are nearly 50000–60000 tons of low temperature coal output in inner Mongolia region, China, which has high toxicity and high polluting. To make the low temperature coal be applicable for road constructions, the formaldehyde is used as cross linking agent, the concentrated sulfuric acid is used as catalyst, and the chemical modification of low temperature coal tar pitch in Inner Mongolia region is investigated. The road performance (softening point, penetration and ductility) of modified low temperature coal are tested. Results shown that the road performance of modified low temperature coal is increased significantly. Modification mechanism of low temperature coal is studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy and other analytical tools. Results show that, in the modified low temperature coal, resin content increases and the resin fiber diameter becomes larger with the increasing of formaldehyde content.

关键词： low temperature coal tar pitch modification road performance

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我国高温气冷堆发展战略研究

张作义,吴宗鑫,王大中,童节娟

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第1期页码 12-19 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.01.003

摘要：

高温气冷堆和在此基础上发展起来的超高温气冷堆是第四代核能系统研发重点的6种堆型之一。本文介绍了高温气冷堆的特点，对高温气冷堆技术在国内外的最新研发进展进行了简要综述，对高温气冷堆的发展定位等问题进行了讨论。在此基础上对我国高温气冷堆发展路线进行了展望。我国高温气冷堆技术历经跟踪、跨越和自主创新，目前在商业规模模块式高温气冷堆核电站技术上处于世界领先地位。在此基础上，我国正在启动部署后续60万千瓦级模块式高温气冷堆核电机组的研发和配套关键技术的攻关工作，以进一步推动高温气冷堆技术的产业化，保持我国在该领域的国际领先优势。

关键词：高温气冷堆高温技术路线

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新型PB-PSOI器件表面电场和温度分布模型研究

孙伟锋,高珊,陆生礼,陈军宁

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第11期页码 82-87

摘要：

根据泊松方程和热扩散方程提出了新型PB-PSOI 器件漂移区的二维表面电场分布模型和温度分布模型，模型计算结果与Medici模拟结果相一致。根据所提出的模型，重点研究了埋氧化层厚度及长度对漂移区表面电场分布和温度分布的影响，最后给出了PB-PSOI 器件的埋氧化层厚度和长度的优化设计方法。

关键词： PB-PSOI 表面电场温度分布埋氧化层

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Response surface regression analysis on FeCrBSi particle in-flight properties by plasma spray

Runbo MA,Lihong DONG,Haidou WANG,Shuying CHEN,Zhiguo XING

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第3期页码 250-257 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0401-2

摘要：

This work discusses the interactive effects between every two of argon flow rate, voltage, and spray distance on in-flight particles by plasma spray and constructs models that can be used in predicting and analyzing average velocity and temperature. Results of the response surface methodology show that the interactive effects between voltage and spray distance on particle in-flight properties are significant. For a given argon flow rate, particle velocity and temperature response surface are obviously bending, and a saddle point exists. With an increase in spray distance, the interactive effects between voltage and argon flow rate on particle in-flight properties appear gradually and then weaken. With an increase in voltage, the interactive effects between spray distance and argon flow rate on particle in-flight properties change from appearing to strengthening and then to weakening.

关键词： particle velocity particle temperature interactive effects response surface

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Grafting of PEG400 onto the surface of LLDPE/SMA film

CHEN Gufeng, ZHANG Yi, XU Jiarui, ZHU Yafei

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 128-131 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0024-6

摘要： Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) was melt and blended with styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA). The blending films were then immersed in poly(ethylene glycol)400 (PEG400) at room temperature. The surface composition of the blend films was determined by Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy coupled with a variable incidence angle attenuated total reflection accessory (ATR-FTIR). Results show that PEG400 can be grafted onto the surface of the films via esterification with SMA. The immersion of PEG promotes the enrichment of SMA onto the surface of the films. The water contact angle data show that grafting of PEG400 onto PE can greatly improve the hydrophilicity of the PE surface. These experiments show that surface functionalization of polyethylene films by blending SMA and then surface grafting of PEG is feasible, which suggest an effective and simple route for PE surface modification via blending and grafting.

关键词： hydrophilicity temperature effective immersion reflection accessory

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Predictive model to decouple the contributions of friction and plastic deformation to machined surface

Subhash ANURAG, Yuebin GUO,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第5卷第3期页码 247-255 doi: 10.1007/s11465-010-0097-7

摘要： Temperature on the machined surface is critical for surface integrity and the performance of a precision component. However, the temperature of a machined surface is challenging for in-situ measurement. Furthermore, the individual contribution of tool/work friction and plastic deformation of work materials to surface temperature is very difficult to quantify because the measured temperature is always the resultant temperature. This lack of understanding on the temperature distribution blocks the design of effective cutting tool geometries and materials to minimize surface temperature. This study provides a finite element method based on a predictive model to decouple the contributions of tool/work friction and material plastic deformation to surface temperature in a dry cutting process. The study shows that the plastic deformation of work material contributes to the majority of surface temperature, whereas the tool/work friction contribution is secondary. High temperatures are produced when more materials are plowed under the cutting edge. A large tool/work friction leads to higher surface temperatures, and the use of a cutting tool with physical properties in process simulation significantly improves the accuracy of predicted surface temperatures. Residual stress reversal from subsurface maximum residual to surface maximum residual stress may occur when tool/work friction increases.

关键词： surface temperature friction residual stress finite element analysis (FEA) dry cutting tool property

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利用嫦娥一号卫星微波探测仪数据反演月球表面物理温度

李芸,姜景山,王振占,张德海,张晓辉

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第7期页码 106-112

摘要：

本文利用理论研究的结果，建立了月表物理温度反演模型，结合嫦娥一号微波探测仪（CELMS）数据对全月球物理温度进行了反演。同时分析了物理温度变化对微波辐射的影响及其与表面地形等的关系，为其他月表信息反演提供了依据和物理温度的测量信息。

关键词：嫦娥一号微波探测仪月球表面物理温度反演

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Thermal analysis of lubricated three-dimensional contact bodies considering interface roughness

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第17卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0672-8

摘要： Surface roughness and thermal action are of remarkable importance in the lubrication performance of mechanical components, especially in extreme conditions. However, available studies mainly focus on the full-film lubrication conditions without considering temperature rise and real 3D surface roughness due to the complexity of surface topography and temperature characteristics. Moreover, studies on the interfacial thermal behaviors of 3D rough surface lubricated contact in an extended range of working conditions remain limited. In this paper, a deterministic mixed thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication model considering real 3D surface roughness and thermal effects is proposed. In this model, pressure and temperature are coupled with each other, the computation of elastic deformation is accelerated through the discrete convolution and fast Fourier transform method, the temperature field is calculated with the column sweeping technique, and the semi-system method is introduced to improve convergence and numerical stability under severe conditions. The model is validated by comparing its results with available published numerical and experimental results. The thermal behaviors of the contact interface are studied in a wide range of working conditions. The influences of surface roughness and thermal effect on lubrication performance are revealed. The results show that the proposed model can be used as a powerful analysis tool for lubrication performance and temperature prediction in various heavy-load, high-speed lubricated components over a wide range of lubrication conditions.

关键词： thermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication surface roughness effect thermal effect temperature characteristics severe conditions

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Development and road performance of clear asphalt with high transparency and adhesion

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 238-255 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0898-x

摘要： Clear asphalt (CA) currently used in light-colored asphalt mixtures (LCAM) exhibits poor transparency and adhesion. Therefore, a highly transparent CA (HCA) modified using a silane coupling agent (KH550) was prepared. Furthermore, LCAM was prepared by mixing CA and limestone aggregates. The properties of the HCA and ordinary CA (OCA) were characterized using conventional asphalt tests, optical tests, pull-off tests, ultraviolet aging tests, dynamic shear rheometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Whereas Marshall, moisture resistance, wheel tracking, trabecular bending, and British pendulum tests were employed for the LCAM. The transmittance and spectral reflectance of the HCA were 123.30 and 3.74 times greater than those of the OCA, respectively. The complex modulus and viscosity-aging index of the HCA were 48% and 53% less than those of the OCA, respectively. After modification with KH550, the Marshall stability ratio, tensile strength ratio, and flexural strain of the HCA-prepared LCAM increased by 12.92%, 25.06%, and 23.90%, respectively. However, the rutting resistance of the HCA-prepared LCAM was 14.3% less than that of the OCA-prepared LCAM. The comprehensive performances of the HCA and HCA-prepared LCAM were 49.2% and 10.3% greater than those of the OCA and OCA-prepared LCAM, respectively, indicating a high application value in the future.

关键词： light-colored asphalt pavement orthogonal test road performance spectral reflectance silane-coupling agent

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Special issue: Management of road and railway traffic and transportation engineering

Yongfu SUN, Ziyou GAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第4期页码 385-387 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017110

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Rational Understanding about Renaissance Path of China's Road and Bridge Engineering

Mao-run Feng,Zheng-song Zhao

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第1期页码 42-51 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014013

摘要： At the turn of this century, China began the largest road and bridge development in the world, which has virtuously interacted with the social and economic development and has elevated the engineering technology to world-class level. Surveying the development of world transportation, and comparing the road and bridge construction efforts of Europe, U.S.A, Japan and China, general experiences of success can be derived as follows: It is greatly beneficial to give priority to transportation for economic development; it takes national strategy and social action to build up a transportation network; demand and innovation are the driving forces to upgrade road and bridge technology; management innovation and quality assurance can greatly improve development caliber. While rationally acknowledging China's transportation infrastructure achievements, we should reflect on issues with Chinese characteristics that have affected quality and efficiency, expose all construction practices that violate scientific law, overall management defects in road and bridge construction and maintenance, and search for new ways to strengthen social management and the creation of a healthy soft environment.

关键词： road network expressway bridge project technological innovation construction management social management

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Quantification of emission variability for off-road equipment in China based on real-world measurements

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1455-x

摘要：

• Emissions from 53 in-use diesel-fueled off-road equipment were measured.

关键词： Off-road equipment Portable emission measurement system (PEMS) Real-world emissions Diesel engine

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“Heavenly Road”: The Qinghai–Tibet Railway

Yongfu SUN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第2期页码 304-307 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0079-3

摘要： Xiaobo WANG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2019, 6(1): 131-137.Peter REDFERN, Hua ZHONG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 193-200.Qixiang FAN. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 231-237.Ming-zhou Liu,Cong-hu Liu,Mao-gen Ge,Yuan Zhang,Qing-hua Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2016, 3(2): 144-146.Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2015, 2(1): 35-38.Ru-gui Chen,Jia-meng Chen. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 52-61.An Wang. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 13-17.

关键词： permafrost protection sustainable development health guarantee system